材料科学
摩擦电效应
电极
聚四氟乙烯
纳米发生器
光电子学
功率(物理)
功率密度
发电
基质(水族馆)
电气工程
复合材料
物理
压电
工程类
化学
量子力学
海洋学
地质学
物理化学
作者
Wanghuai Xu,Haomian Zheng,Yuan Liu,Xiaofeng Zhou,Chao Zhang,Yuxin Song,Xu Deng,Mkh Leung,Zhengbao Yang,Ronald X. Xu,Zhong Lin Wang,Xiao Cheng Zeng,Zuankai Wang
出处
期刊:Nature
[Springer Nature]
日期:2020-02-05
卷期号:578 (7795): 392-396
被引量:890
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41586-020-1985-6
摘要
Extensive efforts have been made to harvest energy from water in the form of raindrops1–6, river and ocean waves7,8, tides9 and others10–17. However, achieving a high density of electrical power generation is challenging. Traditional hydraulic power generation mainly uses electromagnetic generators that are heavy, bulky, and become inefficient with low water supply. An alternative, the water-droplet/solid-based triboelectric nanogenerator, has so far generated peak power densities of less than one watt per square metre, owing to the limitations imposed by interfacial effects—as seen in characterizations of the charge generation and transfer that occur at solid–liquid1–4 or liquid–liquid5,18 interfaces. Here we develop a device to harvest energy from impinging water droplets by using an architecture that comprises a polytetrafluoroethylene film on an indium tin oxide substrate plus an aluminium electrode. We show that spreading of an impinged water droplet on the device bridges the originally disconnected components into a closed-loop electrical system, transforming the conventional interfacial effect into a bulk effect, and so enhancing the instantaneous power density by several orders of magnitude over equivalent devices that are limited by interfacial effects. A device involving a polytetrafluoroethylene film, an indium tin oxide substrate and an aluminium electrode allows improved electricity generation from water droplets, which bridge the previously disconnected circuit components.
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