AIM To promote the clinical rational use of vancomycin by analyzing the therapeutic drug monitoring results in our hospital. METHODS HPLC was used to determine the plasma concentration of vancomycin.The clinical information of hospitalized patients received vancomycin and therapeutic drug monitoring from 2012 to2013 was analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS Totally 116 cases of vancomycin plasma concentrations from 74 patients were monitored. There were 23 cases( 19. 8%) of plasma concentrations belowed 10 mg·L- 1. The plasma concentrations of 44 cases( 37. 9%) were between 10 and 20 mg·L- 1,and 49 cases( 42. 2%) were above 20 mg·L- 1. There were 22 patients( 29. 8%) of effective use,33 patients( 44. 6%) of little effect and 19 patients( 25.6%) of inefective use in total 74 patients. CONCLUSION It is very important to carry out therapeutic drug monitoring of vancomycin. The doctor needs to modulate the dosage regimen and implement individualized adminisrtation according to the plasma concentration of vancomycin,so as to avoid the adverse drug reactions.