Rationalizing Nanodeliverables for Effective L-Asparaginase Delivery in Chemotherapy: Update 2020

L-asparaginase is used as an effective line of treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma, however, the high cost for this treatment restricts the wide-scale clinical application. Genetic engineering technology is used to recombinantly express L-asparaginase, with high yield, which reduced the costs of production, and overall therapy. Despite the effectiveness of this therapy, intravenous injection of L-asparaginase has some side effects, such as allergic reactions, immunosuppression, pancreatitis, neurotoxicity, hepatitis, coagulopathy, and failure to produce antibodies. To overcome this limitation, Nano-delivery systems using nanoparticles as the carrier of L-asparaginase is used as a new type of drug carrier delivery system. It can increase the permeability of biofilms, enhance drug efficacy, reduce drug toxicity, change the distribution of drugs in the body, and improve bioavailability. In this review, we summarized the application of a variety of nano-lipid and polymers as protein recombinant drug carrier systems, and these nano-carrier systems facilitate to increase the blood circulation time, reduce side effects, and improve the biocompatibility of L-asparaginase medicine. The review specifically adds value as there is no article available that has attempted to elevate the emerging Nanodeliverables and their significance in delivering L- sparaginase safely by achieving maximum therapeutic efficacy.