Understanding how reed-biochar application mitigates nitrogen losses in paddy soil: Insight into microbially-driven nitrogen dynamics

生物炭 浸出(土壤学) 化学 土壤水分 肥料 农学 氮气 固碳 环境化学 反硝化细菌 修正案 反硝化 环境科学 土壤科学 生物 法学 有机化学 热解 政治学
作者
Yuping Zhang,Hang Zhao,Wang Hu,Yizhe Wang,Hanfeng Zhang,Xuan Zhou,Jiangchi Fei,Gongwen Luo
出处
期刊:Chemosphere [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:295: 133904-133904 被引量:12
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133904
摘要

Biochar application to chemical-amended paddy soils has been proposed as a potential strategy to enhance nitrogen (N) retention and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) by crops. However, optimal concentrations for these enhancements and the potential drivers are not well understood. Herein, a column-based pot experiment was carried out to investigate the impacts of reed-biochar application rate on N losses and dynamics in paddy soils treated by chemical fertilizer, and particularly, to explore the dominant factors of the processes. The addition of 2-4% reed-biochar had the most significant effects on mitigating N loss by leaching. Reed-biochar amendment increased soil total N and mineral N (NH4+-N and NO3--N) content, and denitrifying gene abundance, and the increments of those variables were positively related to the application rate. Soil treated with 1-4% reed-biochar at harvest period showed higher gene abundances of ammonia-oxidizing and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and higher activity of β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG) and leucine aminopeptidase compared with the 4-8% application rate. The amoA-AOA gene abundance, NAG activity, and total carbon (C) content were the main predictors of total N and mineral N accumulated leakage. Total C content was the main predictor of soil total N and mineral N content, followed by the pH and NAG activity. These results suggest that adding 2-4% reed-biochar was more beneficial to mitigate N loss and thus enhance soil N storage and availability. This study highlights the importance of understanding how microbial populations mediate N transformation to decipher biochar-driven NUE enhancement in paddy soils.
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