微生物群
失调
后代
背景(考古学)
生物
大脑发育
疾病
怀孕
神经科学
肠-脑轴
生理学
生物信息学
医学
遗传学
古生物学
病理
出处
期刊:International Review of Neurobiology
日期:2022-01-01
卷期号:: 1-23
被引量:2
标识
DOI:10.1016/bs.irn.2022.06.004
摘要
Our resident microbes influence nearly all aspects of our biological systems. In particular, the maternal and early life microbiota is uniquely positioned to influence the development of the nervous system, and alterations to the gut microbiota, or dysbiosis, during this critical time in early life can have long-lasting negative effects on health. The question of how the maternal and early life microbiota shapes neurodevelopment is the topic of numerous investigations. Here, we discuss two possible, but not necessarily independent, hypotheses: (1) the maternal microbiota during pregnancy regulates the metabolites that are important for fetal development, (2) maternal microbiota seeded to offspring at birth and early postnatal days programs offspring immune and brain development, and regulates key molecules for postnatal brain development. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the impact of the microbiota on brain and behavior, introduce the maternal gut and vaginal microbiome during pregnancy, and discuss current understandings of microbiome in the context of developmental origins of health and disease. We consider novel translational insights that harness the multitude of microbes and microbial metabolites for prevention or treatment of neurological disorders.
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