The optimized LiBF4 based electrolytes for TiO2(B) anode in lithium ion batteries with an excellent low temperature performance

Abstract It is a great challenge to improve the low temperature electrochemical performance of lithium ion batteries because of the sluggish kinetics at such temperature. In this work, an optimized LiBF4 based electrolyte formulation for TiO2(B) anode in lithium ion battery is designed to heighten the low temperature electrochemical performance. TiO2(B) anode with optimized ratio electrolyte exhibits a reversible capacity as high as ~ 240 mAhg−1 at 0.1 A g−1 at −20 °C. In such optimized electrolyte, TiO2(B) shows excellent electrochemical performance at a low temperature up to −30 °C. It is found that the separation energy of lithium ion and solvents at the optimized formulation accounts for the improved electrochemical performance based on molecular dynamics simulation.