Green Glucamine-Based Trisiloxane Surfactant: Surface Activity, Aggregate Behavior, and Superspreading on Hydrophobic Surfaces

A novel green glucamine-based trisiloxane surfactant (HAG) composed of a glucamine headgroup and trisiloxane tail was prepared by a completely "green" synthesis. Its chemical constitution, functional groups, and surroundings were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The physicochemical properties of the target, including its surface activity, aggregation, and wetting behavior, were evaluated systematically. The findings reveal that HAG solution has a comparatively low surface tension (γ = 19.04 mN/m) and can spread rapidly on a parafilm surface. Furthermore, it can spontaneously assemble into vesicles.