A review article on Drilling fluids , types , properties and criterion for selection

This article provides a thorough examination of several types of drilling fluid systems as well as technological improvements. Drilling fluids are crucial elements for successful oil and gas drilling. Water-based drilling fluids are the most often utilised fluids in drilling applications. Because they are cost-effective, ecologically friendly, and non-hazardous, water-based fluids are the first fluids of choice for drilling applications. Drilling fluids, on the other hand, are ineffectual when working with water-sensitive shale because they produce shale hydration, which compromises wellbore stability. Water-sensitive geological occurrences may need the use of oil or synthetic-based fluids. Water flow from the fluid into the shale occurrence can be prevented by properly forming oil-based drilling fluid. Oil-based drilling fluid, despite its effectiveness, can have a severe influence on the environment when it is released and then spread into the sea. New materials are being employed to create safe and cost-effective drilling technologies for oil and gas wells. Their improved drilling performance reduces drilling time and improves safety and human health. These approaches improved qualities such as filtration control, formation damage reduction, temperature stability, cutting stability, and compatibility with any pollutants introduced into the drilling fluid during drilling operations. This article is intended for recent petroleum post-graduates and entry-level drilling fluid professionals who will find many useful details for a specific drilling difficulty.