Sustainable Bioplastics from Amyloid Fibril-Biodegradable Polymer Blends

Plastics waste production is a global challenging problem because its accumulation in the environment causes devastating effects on the planet's ecosystem. Sustainable and green solutions are urgently needed, and this pairs with increasingly stronger regulations combined with improved ecological awareness. This study proposes a simple, scalable, and water-based process to produce free-standing, transparent, and flexible bioplastics films by combining amyloid fibrils with biodegradable polymers as two main building blocks. Amyloid fibrils can be obtained through denaturation and self-assembly from a broad class of food proteins found in milk, soy, and egg, for example. Whey is used here as a model protein because it is the major byproduct of dairy industries, and its valorization creates a valuable opportunity to produce sustainable, biodegradable, and environmentally friendly bioplastics perfectly integrated within a circular economy. Against this background, we highlight the sustainability superiority of these bioplastics over common plastics and bioplastics via a detailed life cycle assessment, anticipating an important role of this new class of bioplastics in mitigating the pressing plastics pollution challenge.