Chemical profile and biological activity of clove (Syzygium aromati-cum) extracts obtained from different extraction methods

InformationThis study aimed to evaluate the biological activity of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) essential oil and clove extracts, obtained by hydrodistillation, maceration, and ultrasound-assisted extraction.E. coli, L. monocytogenes, S. enteritidis, and S. aureus strains were used to determine the biological activity by the formation of inhibition zones.Eugenol (86.16 %), caryophyllene (7.14 %) and eugenyl acetate (4.84 %) were presented in clove essential oil.The ultrasound-assisted essential oils and extracts exhibited biological activity at the concentration of 100 µL/mL, with the highest inhibition halos observed for all strains studied.The essential oil presented greater inhibition for the concentration of 50 µL/mL.The chemical profile analysis demonstrated the presence of groups of gallic acid compounds, flavones, and their isomers.The total phenolic content ranged from 0.101 and 0.290 mg GAE/g, with the highest values for the ultrasound-assisted extracts.The results of DPPH varied from 8.15 to 65.24 %, with an emphasis on ultrasound-assisted essential oil and extracts.