Vehicle dynamics model in tunnel entrance area based on social forces and artificial potential field under connected vehicle environment

The traffic environment in tunnel entrance area is complex, with prominent issues related to safety and efficiency. However, existing models find it difficult to accurately capture the traffic situation in this area. Therefore, this paper establishes a vehicle dynamics model for the entrance area of a tunnel based on the social force model and artificial potential field. This model can characterize the deceleration behavior of vehicles at the entrance of the tunnel and the interaction between vehicles. By considering the special effects of the tunnel environment, the simulation experiments successfully reproduce the congestion phenomenon in the entrance of the tunnel. Based on this model, this paper proposes a coordinated driving model under vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication environment, and the simulation results show that this model can effectively alleviate the congestion in the entrance area of the tunnel and improve traffic efficiency.