Burkholderia , Stenotrophomonas , Ralstonia , Cupriavidus , Pandoraea , Brevundimonas , Comamonas , Delftia , and Acidovorax

Abstract Many of the bacteria discussed in this chapter formerly belonged to the genus Pseudomonas; others were described and named after the taxonomic dissection of this genus to conform to a modern phylogeny‐based taxonomy. Burkholderia , Ralstonia , Cupriavidus , Pandoraea , Brevundimonas , Comamonas , Delftia , and Acidovorax species are aerobic, non‐spore‐forming, straight or slightly curved Gram‐negative rods. Several molecular genetic methods are available to assess the relatedness of isolates of these genera during nosocomial or community outbreak investigations. Of the organisms discussed in this chapter, serologic tests have been used clinically to diagnose only infections with B. pseudomallei . Given the uncertainty regarding the role(s) Delftia , Acidovorax , and Brevundimonas play in human infection, antimicrobial susceptibility testing of isolates from human specimens as a matter of routine may not be warranted.