Combined Molecular Toxicity Mechanism of Microplastics Mixtures

In recent decades, the issue of microplastic pollution in the environment has garnered global attention due to its significant impacts. Microplastics, characterized by a large specific surface area and strong fluidity, readily interact with various pollutants in the environment, thereby altering the environmental behavior of these pollutants. Understanding the adsorption processes and mechanisms through which microplastics interact with diverse pollutants is essential for comprehending the environmental implications of pollutant adsorption onto microplastics and the associated changes in toxic effects. This chapter investigated the impact of microplastic mixtures on molecular toxicity mechanisms. By considering the varying toxicological effects of different pollutants, we explored the combined toxicity mechanisms of heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, pathogens, engineered nanoparticles, and other pollutants with microplastics. Additionally, we detailed classical and emerging toxicological models, including various cells and in vivo models of model organisms. The findings will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the environmental and biological implications of microplastic pollution, offering insights for developing effective strategies to mitigate its adverse effects. Simultaneously, these findings can serve as valuable references for readers during the process of model organism selection and model establishment.