In recent years, the SLNs have been reported as potential drug carrier systems. They offer the possibility of controlled drug release and drug targeting and produce protection of incorporated active compounds against degradation, which combine the advantages of other traditional collodial systems (i.e. microemulsions, liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles). SLNs formulations for various application routes (oral, parenteral, dermal, pulmonary, ocular) have been developed and thoroughly characterized in vitro and in vivo. This paper is focused on general ingredients, the preparation, application routes and development prospect.