Objection To analyze fatal risk factors in children undergoing craniopharyngiom micro-neurosurgery operation and management of complications.Methods 108 cases undergoing craniopharyngiom micro-neurosurgery operation were retrospectively analyzed by Logistic regression analysis of fatal factors .Results The fatal incidence after craniopharyngiom micro-neurosurgery operation in children was 7.4% .It was showed from the multiple linear Logistic regression analysis that epilepsy attack after operation and injure in bottom of thalamus could lead to hypothalamus syndrome which was the risk factors of post-death .The value of OR was 19.32 and 10.03 respectively.Conclusions As to enhancing the recover incidence, the key is protecting the structure of hypothalamus pituitary during operation and correctly recognizing and actively handling complication.