Tunable and highly sensitive graphene-based biosensor with circle/split ring resonator metasurface for sensing hemoglobin/urine biomolecules

We propose a graphene-based biosensor for achieving a good sensitivity to detect hemoglobin and urine biomolecules of different concentrations. Graphene-based design results are analyzed in the form of absorption, sensitivity, and electric field. Metasurface in the form of a circle and split ring resonator is analyzed for detecting urine and hemoglobin biomolecules. The design results are also analyzed for different metasurface sizes. The thickness of different physical layers is varied to check its effect on absorption. The absorption response is reconfigured by changing the chemical potential of graphene material. The absorption response is tuned by changing the metasurface shape and size. The electric field intensity results are also matching with the obtained absorption response at a particular wavelength. The proposed design results are also compared with previously published similar designs. The high sensitivity obtained through this graphene-based biosensor can be applicable in medical applications for detecting hemoglobin and urine biomolecules.