Research advances in cartilage stem cells markers and induced differentiation.

Cartilage stem cells (CSCs) are cells that self-proliferate, have surface antigen expression, and have multidirectional differentiation potential in the articular cartilage. CSCs, as an ideal source of stem cells, has a good application prospect in stem cell therapy. This article reviews the CSCs markers, cartilage differentiation signaling pathway, and clinical treatment of osteoarthritis.