Intranasal Delivery of Curcumin Nanoparticles Improves Neuroinflammation and Neurological Deficits in Mice with Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Abstract Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) represents one of the most severe subtypes of stroke. Due to the complexity of the brain injury mechanisms following ICH, there are currently no effective treatments to significantly improve patient functional outcomes. Curcumin, as a potential therapeutic agent for ICH, is limited by its poor water solubility and oral bioavailability. In this study, mPEG‐PCL is used to encapsulate curcumin, forming curcumin nanoparticles, and utilized the intranasal administration route to directly deliver curcumin nanoparticles from the nasal cavity to the brain. By inhibiting pro‐inflammatory neuroinflammation of microglia following ICH in mice, reprogramming pro‐inflammatory microglia toward an anti‐inflammatory function, and consequently reducing neuronal inflammatory death and hematoma volume, this approach improved blood‐brain barrier damage in ICH mice and promoted the recovery of neurological function post‐stroke. This study offers a promising therapeutic strategy for ICH to mediate neuroinflammatory microenvironments.