Review—Electrochemical Sensors for Acetylcholine Detection

Acetylcholine (ACh) is a vital neurotransmitter in the peripheral and central nervous systems. Disturbances in its transmission are linked to serious diseases such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s. Detecting ACh concentrations in biological samples is critical for understanding and managing these conditions. This review examines the latest advancements in electrochemical sensors for ACh detection, highlighting their principles, methodologies, and applications. Various sensor types, including enzymatic and non-enzymatic sensors, potentiometric and conductometric methods are discussed in detail. Emphasis is placed on the advantages of using electrochemical methods for ACh detection, such as high sensitivity, selectivity, and rapid response times. Further research needs to focus on innovative materials and techniques to overcome current challenges and improve the practical application of ACh detection in clinical settings.