Experimental and combined finite-discrete element simulation of the fracture behaviour of a rigid polyurethane foam

In the present paper, firstly the fracture toughness of a rigid polyurethane foam is experimentally measured by varying the specimen sizes and employing the Modified Two-Parameter Model. Then, such a testing campaign is numerically simulated by developing hybrid models, obtained by coupling a Discrete Element Method (that is, the Lattice Discrete Element Method) and a Finite Element Method (that is, the conventional FEM). Finally, in order to prove the robustness of the above hybrid LDE/FE models, a further experimental campaign, carried out on reinforced epoxy foams, is numerically simulated.