Multimodal LFIA Platform Integrating Visual Readout, Smartphone Grayscale Imaging and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering for Point-of-Care Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Protein

Rapid, simple, and sensitive antigen detection remains important for point-of-care screening and respiratory infection surveillance. Conventional lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) enable rapid visual testing, but their sensitivity is often limited...