Cardamine cheotaiyienii (Brassicaceae) rediscovered in Yunnan, China, 85 years after its 1940 collection

Cardamine cheotaiyienii Al-Shehbaz & G.Yang, a rare scapose perennial with leafless flowering stems, was first described based on a single collection made in 1940 in Malipo County, southeastern Yunnan, China. After 85 years without subsequent records, we rediscovered the species in Xichou County in 2025. Here, we provide an amended morphological description, the first documentation of fruit and seed characteristics, field images, updated phenological data, and a conservation assessment. This rediscovery highlights the need for enhanced botanical surveys in under-sampled microhabitats of southeastern Yunnan, a region of high conservation value.