Design, synthesis, and applications of luminescent one-dimensional covalent organic frameworks: a mini review

One-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (1D-COFs), which feature a periodically aligned network along a single axis, constitute a distinct subclass of COFs. The diversity of organic building units and covalent linkages makes 1D-COFs a promising materials platform for designing structure and function. Compared with their 2D and 3D counterparts, these materials exhibit several notable features, including non-interconnected channels, more accessible active sites, and higher specific surface areas (SA). This comprehensive review focuses on photophysical design rules, luminescence mechanisms, and sensing/ECL structure-property correlations, and systematically examines the latest advances in 1D-COFs as luminescent materials. Furthermore, significant challenges and future directions for the further development of 1D-COFs are outlined.