Bipolar disorder among individuals with atopic dermatitis: A case-control study in the All of Us Research Program

Abstract Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) has been associated with psychiatric comorbidities. Objectives To characterize the association between AD and bipolar disorder (BPD) with a case-control study of the NIH All of Us Research Program. Methods Utilizing Systemized Nomenclature of Medicine diagnostic codes, we identified cases of AD. Four age, sex, and race/ethnicity matched controls were found for each case using propensity score matching. After controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, income, smoking status, and depression, the relationship between AD and BPD was evaluated using logistic regression. Results We identified 13,431 AD cases with 53,724 matched controls. Participants with AD were more likely than controls to have BPD (7.8% vs. 4.6%, P<.001). After adjusting for demographics and comorbidities, we observed a significant association (OR 1.49, 95%CI 1.37-1.62, P<.001). Conclusion Compared to individuals without AD, individuals with AD have 1.49-fold increased odds of having BPD. Further investigation is needed to further understand this association.