Negative regulatory mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome

NLRP3 inflammasome is a multi-protein platform which comprises NOD like receptor NLRP3, adaptor ASC and caspase-1. NLRP3 inflammasome recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) from pathogen microbes and endogenous danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and then promotes the maturation and secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 and induces pyroptosis. NLRP3 inflammasome plays crucial roles in many types of diseases, such as infectious diseases, gout, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease and cancer. Thus, investigation of the regulatory mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation has important scientific significance and application value in elucidating the mechanism of the immune responses as well as developing novel ways of immunomodulatory therapy. Here we provide a review on the negative regulatory mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome.