Polydopamine-doped virus-like structured nanoparticles for photoacoustic imaging guided synergistic chemo-/photothermal therapy

. Therefore, the GNR@HPMO@PVMSN offers a promising strategy for PAI directed synergistic chemo-/photothermal therapy, which improves the therapeutic effect of the nanomaterial on tumors. This work explores the effects of rough surfaces on cellular uptake and provides a versatile theranostic platform for biomedical applications.