Controllable Separation of Eigenstates in Non‐Hermitian Systems

ABSTRACT We investigate spatially separable edge states in a non‐Hermitian system, whose localization is effectively controllable via gain and loss. Spatial separation occurs when the accumulation direction of bulk states induced by the non‐Hermitian skin effect opposes the localization direction of edge states controlled by the band topology. To distinguish distinct localization behaviors, we introduce an indicator that combines the spectral winding number with the degree of separation between edge states. In particular, the system exhibits six distinct phases, three spatially separated and three spatially overlapped. Moreover, we propose an electric circuit scheme to implement the theoretical models. Our work demonstrates the tunability and universality of spatially separable edge and corner states, offering a foundation for potential devices with controllable directional localization.