Discovery of Diverse Esterified seco -Polycyclic Polyprenylated Acylphloroglucinols from Two Species of Hypericum Linn. and Their Lipid-Lowering Effect

Hyperesternoids A–K (1–11, respectively), 11 unique esterified seco-PPAPs (seco-polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols) with three types of scaffold systems, 5/6 bicyclic (1–3), 5/7/6 tricyclic (4–6), and 5/6/6 tricyclic (7–11), were isolated from two plants of the Hypericum genus. Notably, crystalline mate and chemical transformation methods provided several practical strategies for the elucidation of seco-PPAPs with complex and variable structures. Biologically, the PPARα agonistic activities of all isolates were evaluated via the dual-luciferase reporter assay, and their lipid-lowering effects were studied.