Based on the identification and classification of the phosphorus efficiency of spring wheat varieties, characteristic of phosphorus efficient varieties were made clear by variance analysis to different efficient varieties. Under phosphorus stress condition, there were high ability to spikelet and floscule differentiation and seed setting. The sensitivity to phosphorus application was decreased forvanieties with the tolerance to phosphorus deficiency. The phosphorus use efficiency was not related to the ability to tolerance phosphorus deficiency and sensitivity to phosphorus application. There was high ability to uptake phosphorus and tolerance phosphorus stress in the varieties with strong root system.