Association of Coronary Artery Calcium Detected by Routine Ungated CT Imaging With Cardiovascular Outcomes

医学 内科学 心脏病学 冠状动脉钙 冲程(发动机) 心肌梗塞 冠状动脉钙评分 冠状动脉疾病 血压 死因 队列 血运重建 亚临床感染 疾病 机械工程 工程类
作者
Allison W. Peng,Ramzi Dudum,Sneha Jain,David J. Maron,Bhavik N. Patel,Nishith Khandwala,David Eng,Akshay Chaudhari,Alexander T. Sandhu,Fátima Rodríguez
出处
期刊:Journal of the American College of Cardiology [Elsevier]
卷期号:82 (12): 1192-1202 被引量:9
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2023.06.040
摘要

Coronary artery calcium (CAC) is a strong predictor of cardiovascular events across all racial and ethnic groups. CAC can be quantified on nonelectrocardiography (ECG)-gated computed tomography (CT) performed for other reasons, allowing for opportunistic screening for subclinical atherosclerosis. The authors investigated whether incidental CAC quantified on routine non–ECG-gated CTs using a deep-learning (DL) algorithm provided cardiovascular risk stratification beyond traditional risk prediction methods. Incidental CAC was quantified using a DL algorithm (DL-CAC) on non–ECG-gated chest CTs performed for routine care in all settings at a large academic medical center from 2014 to 2019. We measured the association between DL-CAC (0, 1-99, or ≥100) with all-cause death (primary outcome), and the secondary composite outcomes of death/myocardial infarction (MI)/stroke and death/MI/stroke/revascularization using Cox regression. We adjusted for age, sex, race, ethnicity, comorbidities, systolic blood pressure, lipid levels, smoking status, and antihypertensive use. Ten-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk was calculated using the pooled cohort equations. Of 5,678 adults without ASCVD (51% women, 18% Asian, 13% Hispanic/Latinx), 52% had DL-CAC >0. Those with DL-CAC ≥100 had an average 10-year ASCVD risk of 24%; yet, only 26% were on statins. After adjustment, patients with DL-CAC ≥100 had increased risk of death (HR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.28-1.79), death/MI/stroke (HR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.33-1.84), and death/MI/stroke/revascularization (HR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.45-1.98) compared with DL-CAC = 0. Incidental CAC ≥100 was associated with an increased risk of all-cause death and adverse cardiovascular outcomes, beyond traditional risk factors. DL-CAC from routine non–ECG-gated CTs identifies patients at increased cardiovascular risk and holds promise as a tool for opportunistic screening to facilitate earlier intervention.
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