N-Doped Carbon Fibers Derived from Porous Wood Fibers Encapsulated in a Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework as an Electrode Material for Supercapacitors

Developing highly porous and conductive carbon electrodes is crucial for high-performance electrochemical double-layer capacitors. We provide a method for preparing supercapacitor electrode materials using zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8)-coated wood fibers. The material has high nitrogen (N)-doping content and a specific surface area of 593.52 m2 g−1. When used as a supercapacitor electrode, the composite exhibits a high specific capacitance of 270.74 F g−1, with an excellent capacitance retention rate of 98.4% after 10,000 cycles. The symmetrical supercapacitors (SSCs) with two carbon fiber electrodes (CWFZ2) showed a high power density of 2272.73 W kg−1 (at an energy density of 2.46 W h kg−1) and an energy density of 4.15 Wh kg−1 (at a power density of 113.64 W kg−1). Moreover, the SSCs maintained 81.21% of the initial capacitance after 10,000 cycles at a current density of 10 A g−1, which proves that the SSCs have good cycle stability. The excellent capacitance performance is primarily attributed to the high conductivity and N source provided by the zeolite imidazole framework. Because of this carbon material’s unique structural features and N-doping, our obtained CWFZ2 electrode material could be a candidate for high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials.