Soluble poly(arylene thiophenes) containing amide bridge bonds and free nitrile groups have been synthesized through polycondensation of new arylene-bis(2-aminothiophene-3-carbonitrile)s with arylene- dicarboxylic acid dichlorides, and their physical and photochemical properties have been studied. Thermostable and acid-resistant poly(thiene pyrimidones) co ntaining main-chain thiophene, arylene, and pyrimidone fragments have been obtained via the isomerization polycyclomerization of the poly(arylene thiophenes).