Fibroblast growth factor 21(FGF21)is a novel fatty metabolic regulator.FGF21 mRNA is most abundantly expressed in liver.FGF21 contribute to fat metabolism,as well as ketogenic responses in liver,and it can promote the uptake of glucose,promote insulin secretion,delaying the development of tumors and other function.In recent years,FGF21 was used for diabetes and other metabolic diseases.The characteristics of FGF21,its molecular mechanism and the research of hypolipidemic and diabetes treatment are reviewed.