A Comprehensive Analytical Procedure and Environmental Behavior of Lithium-Ion Battery-Related Fluorinated Anions and Ultrashort-Chain PFAS

were the dominant inorganic fluorinated anions. The results revealed the widespread occurrence of these fluorinated anions across environmental matrices and the accumulation potential of both organic and inorganic species in plants. Overall, this work provides a comprehensive analytical procedure for monitoring LIB-related fluorinated anions in the environment, enabling further research into their occurrence, transformation, and ecological risk.