Research Progress on the Pathogenesis of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome

Abstract Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an acute natural focus epidemic disease characterized by fever, shock, hemorrhage and kidney injury caused by hantavirus infection. Hantavirus mainly infects human vascular endothelial cells, and induces extensive damage to small blood vessels and capillaries. Increased vascular permeability is the pathological basis for clinical manifestations of HFRS. Although domestic and foreign scholars have carried out many studies on the hantavirus pathogenesis, such as the immune pathological response induced by hantavirus, host genetics and apoptosis, thrombocytopenia, coagulation and fibrinolysis dysfunction, and the vascular endothelial damage, the pathogenesis of HFRS has not been fully elucidated and there is no effective drug yet. In-depth discussion of the molecular mechanism of HFRS and finding effective therapeutic drugs are still the research hotspots on the field of hantavirus/HFRS. This review will elaborate the research progress on the pathogenesis of HFRS in recent years.