Defect passivation and crystallization control of perovskite films for photovoltaic application

To fabricate next-generation perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and good stability, many advanced strategies focusing on perovskite functional layer have been explored. Passivation has been one of the most prominent methods. It includes the concepts of mixed-dimensions (i.e. two dimension (2D) and three dimension (3D)), surface treatment and so on. Effective control of crystal growth to ensure stable perovskite phase also plays a significant role in the research field. This review introduces the representative and effective strategies of crystallization control and defect passivation of perovskite films. These tactics have achieved positive results in promoting enhancement of device efficiency and/or stability. Furthermore, the efforts on increasing the dimensional scale of the device and producing flexible devices, which have huge commercial potential, are also covered. Owing to these advanced investigations, the prospects of the commercialization of PSCs have rapidly increased. Finally, an outlook on the crystallization control and defect passivation in perovskite films is given.