多电极阵列
材料科学
生物医学工程
微电极
灵活性(工程)
生物相容性
脑组织
脑-机接口
肢体丧失
表面改性
纳米技术
计算机科学
神经科学
医学
机械工程
外科
化学
生物
工程类
物理化学
截肢
脑电图
冶金
电极
统计
数学
作者
Morgan Ferguson,Dhavan Sharma,David Ross,Feng Zhao
标识
DOI:10.1002/adhm.201900558
摘要
Though neural interface systems (NISs) can provide a potential solution for mitigating the effects of limb loss and central nervous system damage, the microelectrode array (MEA) component of NISs remains a significant limiting factor to their widespread clinical applications. Several strategies can be applied to MEA designs to increase their biocompatibility. Herein, an overview of NISs and their applications is provided, along with a detailed discussion of strategies for alleviating the foreign body response (FBR) and abnormalities seen at the interface of MEAs and the brain tissue following MEA implantation. Various surface modifications, including natural/synthetic surface coatings, hydrogels, and topography alterations, have shown to be highly successful in improving neural cell adhesion, reducing gliosis, and increasing MEA longevity. Different MEA surface geometries, such as those seen in the Utah and Michigan arrays, can help alleviate the resultant FBR by reducing insertion damage, while providing new avenues for improving MEA recording performance and resolution. Increasing overall flexibility of MEAs as well as reducing their stiffness is also shown to reduce MEA induced micromotion along with FBR severity. By combining multiple different properties into a single MEA, the severity and duration of an FBR postimplantation can be reduced substantially.
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