Oceanographic history : the Pacific and beyond

Introduction--Philip F. Rehbock and Keith R. Benson1. The Scripps HeritageScripps Benefactions: The Role of the Scripps Family in the Founding of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography--Deborah DayCharles Kofoid's Role in Establishing the Scripps Institution of Oceanography--Fred Noel SpiessContexts for Constructing an Ocean Science: The Career of Harald Ulrik Sverdrup (1888-1957)--Robert Marc Friedman2. Pacific RemembrancesThe Sverdrup Years: A Personal Recollection--Walter H. MunkDeep Sea Drilling: Lessons Learned--William A. NierenbergThe NORPAC Expedition--Joseph L. ReidThe Development of Research Vessel Design--George G. Shor, Jr.Reflections on My Knowledge in the Indo-Pacific--Klaus Wyrtki3. Myth and Natural Knowledge of the SeaSea Monsters: Myth or Genuine Relic of the Past--Sherrie LyonsSuggestions for Study of the Native Knowledge of Marine Animals in the Eastern Carolina Islands--Alan Eugene Davis4. Exploration: The Pacific and BeyondThe Western Boundary Current in the Pacific: The Development of Our Oceanographic Knowledge--Joyce E. Jones and Ian S. F. JonesRussian Oceanographic Investigations of the Pacific Ocean: History and Some Results--Arkady V. Alekseev and Igor D. RostovResearch Vessel Vityaz: A Contribution to Oceanographic Science in the Past and Present--Svetlana G. SivkovaGermania in Pacifico: Humboldt, Chamisso and Other Early German Contributors to Pacific Research, 1741-1876--Gerhard KortumThe Aspirations of Alfred Merz, Georg Wust, and Albert Defant: From Berlin to Pacific Oceanography--Walter LenzSome Aspects of Early Twentieth-Century Oceanography: The German Antarctic Expedition--Maurice M. RaratyEarly Exploratory Voyages and Antarctic Expeditions: The Argentine Perspective--Ramiro P. SanchezHistory of Marine Science in Chile--Tarsicio Antezana and Nibaldo BahamondeThe History of Oceanography along the Mexican Pacific Coast--Richard A. Schwartzlose and Saul Alvarez-BorregoThe Oceanographic Work of Captain Scott's Discovery, 1901-31--Ann SavoursInvestigations of the Humboldt Current following a Long Series of Misadventures: The Voyage of the William Scoresby, 1931--Roalind Rolf and Gunther MarsdenThe Danish Dana Expedition, 1928-30: Purpose and Accomplishments, Mainly in the Indo-Pacific--Torben WolffItalian Contributions to the Knowledge of the Southeast Pacific Ocean--Noberto della CroceDeep-Sea Plankton Exploration in Historical Perspective--Baruch KimorThe Educational Mission of Marine Sciences: A Case Study of East Africa, the Early Initiatives, 1930-80--Selim MorcosSchool and Popular Marine Science Education in the United Kingdom--J. Malcolm Walker5. Pioneers of Ocean ScienceAnders Sparrman, 1748-1820--David DyrssenThe Discovery of the Deep-Sea Atlantic Fauna--Luiz SaldanhaGeorge Wallace Melville: His Influence Through Polor Exploration and Marine Engineering--A. Aristides YayanosClaude Zobell, Hadal Bacteria, and the Azoic Zone--Donald J. McGrawThe Pioneers of Oceanographic Research in Romania--G. Serpoinau and V. MalciuRomanian Developmental Contributions of Emil Racovitza and Grigore Antipa to the Scientific Exploration of the Mediterranean--Alexandru S. Bologa and Alexandru MarinescuFour Centuries of Physical Oceanography in Croatia--Mirko Orlic6. North American Oceanography and Marine BiologyFour Men and an Albatross: The Growth of American Oceanography, 1882-1921--Larry T. SpencerMarine Biology or Oceanography: Early American Developments in Marine Science on the West Coast--Keith R. BensonPacific Waters and the POG: The Origin of Physical Oceanography on the West Coast of Canada--Eric L. MillsThe Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions (1931-1962) and Their Contributions to Marine Biology--Anwar Abdel AleemSelling Bellevue: The Emergence of American Naval Oceanography--Gary E. WeirMarine Biology/Biological Oceanography and the Federal Patrol: The NSF Initiative in Biological Oceanography in the 1960s--Toby A. AppelChallenges and Opportunities in Naval Oceanography in the Post Cold War World--Timothy CoffeyOceanography: The Next Fifty Years--John A. Knauss7. Technique and TechnologySwedish Oceanographic Instruments up to 1950--Artur SvanssonThe History of Chemical Determinations of Salinity--William J. WallaceEarly Attempts at Dermination of the Salinity of Seawater from Measurement of Its Electric Conductivity--Jens SmedThe History of Chemical Oceanography in Australian Waters, 1874-1974--Andrew McTaggartThe Role of Spectra in Ocean Wave Physics--David IrvineSubmersibles in Oceanographic Research--Bruce H. Robinson8. Fisheries Science and ManagementThe Uses and Abuses of Scientific Expertise in English Inshore Oyster Fishery, 1860-1910--Gill ParsonsHistory of Fisheries: Science in Japan--Yoshiaki MatsudaOne Hundred Years of the Sergestid Shrimp Fishing Industry in Suruga Bay: Development of Administration and Social Policy--Makota OmoriTransformation in Fisheries Management: A Study of William C. Herrington--Amy L. ToroOcean Food and Energy from California Mariculture: An Evaluation of the US Marine Biomass Project, from 1972-1986--Peter Neuschul and Lawrence Badash9. Coral Reef ResearchBeyond Darwin: Coral Reef Research in the Twentieth Century--Daphne G. FautinCaribbean Contributions to Coral Reef Science--Robert A. Kinzie IIIFrom Steady State to Stochastic Systems: The Revolution in Coral Reef Biology--Patricia MatherCoral Reefs, Science, and Politics: Relationships and Criteria for Decisions over Two Centuries--A French Case History--Bernard Salvat10. Plate TectonicsEvolution of the Tectogene Concept, 1930-1965--Alan O. AllwardtThe Accreted Terrane Controversy, or Continental Geologists Strike Back--Homer E. LeGrand and William GlenGravity Surveys in the Permanent Ocean Basins: An Instrumental Chink in a Theoretical Suit of Armor--Naomi OreskesGeological Mapping of the Deep-Ocean off the Hawaiian Islands, Using Sidescan and Swath Sonar Imaging, 1966-1992--J. B. Wilson and W. R. Normark11. Archival Resources for the History of OceanographyResources for the Study of Oceanography at the Archives of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography--Deborah DaySources for the History of Oceanography at the Smithsonian Institution at the National Archives--Pamela M. HensonThe Stazione Zoologica: A Clearing House for Marine Organisms--Christiane GroebenIndex