肝再生
再生(生物学)
肝损伤
平衡
肝细胞
肝硬化
祖细胞
再生过程
医学
细胞生物学
生物
肝细胞学
内科学
干细胞
肝脏代谢
内分泌学
生物化学
体外
作者
George K. Michalopoulos
出处
期刊:Hepatology
[Lippincott Williams & Wilkins]
日期:2016-12-20
卷期号:65 (4): 1384-1392
被引量:394
摘要
In contrast to all other organs, liver‐to‐body‐weight ratio needs to be maintained always at 100% of what is required for body homeostasis. Adjustment of liver size to 100% of what is required for homeostasis has been called “hepatostat.” Removal of a portion of any other organ is followed with local regeneration of a limited degree, but it never attempts to reach 100% of the original size. The complex mechanisms involved in this uniquely hepatic process encompass a variety of regenerative pathways that are specific to different types of injury. The most studied form of liver regeneration (LR) is that occurring after loss of hepatocytes in a single acute injury, such as rodent LR after two‐thirds partial hepatectomy or administration of damaging chemicals (CCl 4 , acetaminophen, etc.). Alternative regenerative pathways become activated when normal regeneration is thwarted and trigger the appearance of “progenitor” cells. Chronic loss of hepatocytes is associated with regenerative efforts characterized by continual hepatocyte proliferation and often has adverse consequences (development of cirrhosis or liver cancer). Even though a very few hepatocytes proliferate at any given time in normal liver, the mechanisms involved in the maintenance of liver weight by this slow process in the absence of liver injury are not as well understood. (H epatology 2017;65:1384‐1392)
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