坚持
功能磁共振成像
脑岛
认知灵活性
腹侧纹状体
强迫行为
心理学
前额叶皮质
神经科学
强迫症
灵活性(工程)
神经影像学
强化学习
纹状体
发展心理学
认知心理学
临床心理学
认知
多巴胺
统计
数学
人工智能
计算机科学
作者
Shinsuke Suzuki,Xiaoliu Zhang,Amir Dezfouli,Leah Braganza,Ben D. Fulcher,Linden Parkes,Leonardo F. Fontenelle,Ben J Harrison,Carsten Murawski,Murat Yücel,Chao Suo
出处
期刊:PLOS Biology
[Public Library of Science]
日期:2023-03-14
卷期号:21 (3): e3002031-e3002031
被引量:3
标识
DOI:10.1371/journal.pbio.3002031
摘要
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and pathological gambling (PG) are accompanied by deficits in behavioural flexibility. In reinforcement learning, this inflexibility can reflect asymmetric learning from outcomes above and below expectations. In alternative frameworks, it reflects perseveration independent of learning. Here, we examine evidence for asymmetric reward-learning in OCD and PG by leveraging model-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Compared with healthy controls (HC), OCD patients exhibited a lower learning rate for worse-than-expected outcomes, which was associated with the attenuated encoding of negative reward prediction errors in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and the dorsal striatum. PG patients showed higher and lower learning rates for better- and worse-than-expected outcomes, respectively, accompanied by higher encoding of positive reward prediction errors in the anterior insula than HC. Perseveration did not differ considerably between the patient groups and HC. These findings elucidate the neural computations of reward-learning that are altered in OCD and PG, providing a potential account of behavioural inflexibility in those mental disorders.
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