Multimodality imaging in cardiogenic shock: state-of-the art

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: There is emerging evidence on the role of the multimodality imaging in the setting of cardiogenic shock. The utility of different imaging modalities, along with their pitfalls and limitations, and their integration in a multiparametric approach are discussed in the current review. RECENT FINDINGS: The evaluation of congestion and perfusion in patients with shock has allowed a better understanding of the underlying physiopathological mechanisms. Integration of echocardiography, using more physiological parameters, with lung ultrasound, as well as the Doppler evaluation of abdominal blood flow dynamics, has led to a better stratification in patinas with hemodynamic instability. SUMMARY: Although validation of the integrated approaches and single parameters are needed, the physiopathological-driven approach using ultrasound in patients with cardiogenic shock on top of the clinical and biochemical evaluation, may aid to a quicker and more detailed evaluation of patient's phenotype.