Investigation of the rs9939609 polymorphism of the FTO gene in obese children and adolescents living

Childhood obesity adversely influences fitness and will increase the variety risk of diseases in adulthood, such as cancer, diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease. Hence, childhood obesity is a severe medical and social problem of modern health care. In the current study, the obesity-related FTO (Fat mass and obesity-associated), the environmental and genetic factors influence the relationship between the obesity and FTO gene rs9939609 polymorphism. Therefore we to confirm and verify this relationship in children and adolescents and the association with the risk of weight problems in the Rostov region of Russia.This was a case-control study, the relationship between the obesity and FTO gene rs9939609 polymorphism in 350 children and adolescents of each sexes aged 3 to 18 years has been studied: the main group included 200 children and adolescents with obesity, and the control group — one hundred fifty children and adolescents without obesity. The experimental part on the genotyping of the FTO gene T/A rs9939609 polymorphism was performed using PCR amplified fragments. The FTO gene rs9939609 polymorphisms in DNA samples of donors are typified with electrophoretic detection of results using the commercial test systems of Scientific and Production Company "Litekh" (Russia).The results differences (P<0.05) of the FTO gene rs9939609 polymorphism were observed between the obesity and control groups. The frequency of prevalence of the AA genotype (P=0.005; OR 0.52; 95% CI 0.33 - 0.82) and the frequency of the A allele (P=0.044; OR 0.73; 95% CI 0.54–1.00) was higher in this study groups relative to the control, which shows the relationship between the rs9939609 polymorphism and the risk of obesity. The effect of genotypes on minor alleles of the studied SNPs is drastically related to the risk of weight problems (AA+AT vs TT) (P=0.889; OR 0.96 95% CI 0.55 – 1.66) of the dominant model. While in the recessive model (AA vs TA+TT) (P=0.005; OR 0.52 95% CI 0.33 – 0.82), therefore, the relationship showed a significant difference between the study groups.The frequency of the A/A and A/T genotypes was higher in both groups of children and adolescents with obesity. This study concluded that the FTO gene rs9939609 polymorphism is associated with the risk of obesity in the Rostov-on-Don population.