Experimental demonstration of a time-delay reservoir network for multiscenario microwave waveform generation of frequency doubling

We present a method for the optimized generation of microwave waveforms using a photonic time-delay reservoir network under multiple scenarios. The architecture of the photonic reservoir network enables the frequency-doubling generation of specified target waveforms based on the temporal synthesis principle. The model employs a semiconductor optical amplifier in its saturated output region to provide a nonlinear operator for the reservoir layer, and the method incorporates nonlinear mappings at both the input and output layers. Experimental results demonstrate the synthesis of four typical 10-GHz microwave waveforms using a 5-GHz sinusoidal input, all achieving normalized mean square error (NMSE) values below 0.11. To investigate the capabilities of the constructed reservoir system, we analyze its memory capacity under different maximum delay steps. Furthermore, the system effectively synthesizes waveforms with three irregular mountain contours as targets, with NMSE not >0.1. All results demonstrate the robustness and versatility of the system in waveform generation.