生物
溶瘤病毒
溶癌病毒
免疫学
免疫系统
细胞毒性T细胞
祖细胞
干细胞
癌症研究
抗原
重编程
骨髓
细胞
细胞生物学
体外
生物化学
遗传学
作者
Mário Sousa-Pimenta,António Gentil Martins,Vera Machado
标识
DOI:10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.05.001
摘要
The increased tropism for malignant cells of some viruses has been highlighted in recent studies, prompting their use as a strategy to modify the transcriptional profile of those cells, while sparing the healthy ones. Likewise, they have been recognized as players modulating microenvironmental immunity, namely through an increase in antigen-presenting, natural-killer, and T CD8+ cytotoxic cells by a cross-priming mechanism elicited by tumor-associated antigens. The immunomodulatory role of the oncolytic virus seems relevant in hematological malignancies, which may relapse as a result of a proliferative burst elicited by an external stimulus in progenitor or neoplastic stem cells. By reprogramming the host cells and the surrounding environment, the potential of virotherapy ranges from the promise to eradicate the minimal measurable disease (in acute leukemia, for example), to the ex vivo purging of malignant progenitor cells in the setting of autologous bone marrow transplantation. In this review, we analyze the recent advances in virotherapy in hematological malignancies, either when administered alone or together with chemotherapeutic agents or other immunomodulators.
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