Exosomes derived from human adipose‐derived stem cells alleviate hepatic ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury through the miR‐183/ALOX5 axis

Abstract Ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury is a crucial factor causing liver injury in the clinic. Recent research has confirmed that human adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) can differentiate into functional hepatocytes. However, the mechanism of the effects of ADSCs in the treatment of liver injury remains unclear. The characteristics of ADSCs were first identified, and exosome‐derived ADSCs were isolated and characterized. The function and mechanism of action of miR‐183 and arachidonate 5‐lipoxygenase (ALOX5) were investigated by functional experiments in HL‐7702 cells with I/R injury and in I/R rats. Our data disclosed that exosome release from ADSCs induced proliferation and inhibited apoptosis in HL‐7702 cells with I/R injury. The effect of miR‐183 was similar to that of exosomes derived from ADSCs. In addition, ALOX5, as a target gene of miR‐183, was involved in the related functions of miR‐183. Moreover, in vivo experiments confirmed that miR‐183 and exosomes from ADSCs could improve liver injury in rats and inhibit the MAPK and NF‐κB pathways. All of these findings demonstrate that exosomes derived from ADSCs have a significant protective effect on hepatic I/R injury by regulating the miR‐183/ALOX5 axis, which might provide a therapeutic strategy for liver injury.