Stability and Delivery of RNA Via the Gastrointestinal Tract

Oral RNA has been used in the past as a nutritional supplement as well as a therapeutic agent for several disorders. It is difficult to validate any of the therapeutic claims in the absence of scientific studies and in view of the instability of orally administered RNA. Absorption from the gastrointestinal tract remains questionable. Most of the current efforts in relation to oral RNA are devoted to oral administration of siRNA for therapeutic purposes. A hypothesis is presented of the usefulness of RNA as a nutraceutical. After review of the available literature, role of mRNA in the body, and various routes of administration, suggestions are made for possible methods to improve delivery of RNA and to study its pharmacokinetics. There is commercial potential for such a product if absorption by oral route can be verified as it is easy to administer and can be produced at lower cost than intravenous preparations. Keywords: Drug delivery, immunomodulators, mRNA, DNA, nucleic acids, nucleotides, nutraceuticals, oral RNA, RNA therapeutics, yeast RNA