A novel three-dimensional dynamic full-wake model for offshore floating wind turbines

To address the dynamic disturbance of wake flow induced by platform motions of offshore floating wind turbines (FOWTs), most existing engineering wake models focus primarily on the far-wake region and show limited capability in representing the velocity deficit in the near wake. In this study, a three-dimensional dynamic wake model for FOWTs is proposed with explicit consideration of platform motion characteristics. The proposed model is developed based on an improved Jensen model and the principle of mass conservation, and a double-Gaussian function is employed to describe the velocity deficit in the near-wake region. The effects of platform surge, pitch, and yaw motions on the incoming wind speed and wake development are explicitly taken into account. Validation results demonstrate that the proposed model can accurately predict the wake velocity distribution. Compared with wind tunnel experimental data, the maximum relative error is 7%, and the root mean square error is 2.66%. Compared with several existing wake models, the proposed model shows better performance in capturing near-wake characteristics, while the root mean square error in the far-wake region is only 2.33%. Furthermore, the impacts of single-degree-of-freedom and multi-degree-of-freedom platform motions on wake behavior are analyzed. The results indicate that both surge and pitch motions induce pulsating wake characteristics and significantly affect the wake velocity. Yaw motion causes wake deflection and accelerates wake recovery. Under coupled platform motions, the combination of surge and pitch has the most significant effect on the wake velocity, whereas the combination of pitch and yaw mainly induces wake deflection.