[Research progress on active ingredients of Astragali Radix and Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma and mechanism of their herb pair against Alzheimer's disease].

Alzheimer's disease(AD) is a highly prevalent neurodegenerative disorder with complex pathogenesis. Currently available mainstream drugs offer limited efficacy and often cause significant side effects. The herb pair of Astragali Radix and Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma, known for its Qi-tonifying and orifice-opening properties in TCM, has demonstrated advantages in multi-target and holistic regulation in anti-AD research. This review systematically summarizes the synergistic mechanisms of active ingredients such as astragaloside Ⅳ, calycosin, and β-asarone against AD through multiple pathways, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ(PPARγ)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) pathway, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt) pathway, and gut-brain axis. It also points out that current studies remain largely confined to in vitro and animal experiments, with insufficient evidence for clinical translation. Building on this, the review further proposes innovative research directions, such as constructing astragaloside Ⅳ-β-asarone co-delivery nanosystems, optimizing the compatibility ratio of the herb pair, and combining with fecal microbiota transplantation to validate causal mechanisms via microbiota-gut-brain axis. These proposals aim to provide a systematic theoretical framework and experimental pathway for the in-depth development and clinical translation of the herb pair of Astragali Radix and Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma.