A review on current pollution and removal methods of tetracycline in soil

ABSTRACTDue to the widespread use of tetracyclines antibiotics (TCs) in livestock breeding, TCs has always caused soil pollution. TCs cannot only enter soil and water bodies through multiple channels but also accumulate in them over a long period. It is more abundant in soils, agricultural land. Primarily, should explore efficient methods for removing or degrading TCs. This review provides an overview of the birth, development and problem of soil contamination of TCs. Then focuses on the toxicity and effects of TCs on microorganisms, animals, and plants. Furthermore, in the following chapters, microbial -, plant -, animal – biodegradation methods are introduced to summarize the species and plants applied in soil TCs removal at this stage. Meanwhile, the principle mechanism of advanced oxidation processes is analyzed deeply to fill the gap. In addition, a case of microbial fuel cells based on sustainable bioenergetics with promising prospects for soil TCs removal is presented. Due to the interaction between carbonaceous materials and soil, the characteristics of adsorption method under soil environment are deeply analyzed.KEYWORDS: Antibiotic pollutionbiodegradationelectrochemistrysoiltetracyclines Disclosure statementThe authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.Statement of noveltyDue to the widespread use of tetracyclines antibiotics (TCs) in livestock breeding, TCs has always caused soil pollution. TCs are not only able to enter soil and water bodies through multiple channels but also accumulate in them over a long period of time. It is more abundant in soils, especially agricultural land. Hence, efficient methods for removing or degrading TCs should be explored. The first two sections of this review provide an overview of the birth, development and problem of soil contamination of TCs. The third section focuses on the toxicity and effects of TCs on microorganisms, animals, plants. Furthermore, in the following chapters, microbial -, plant -, animal – biodegradation methods are introduced to summarize the species and plants applied in soil TCs removal at this stage. Meanwhile, the principle mechanism of advanced oxidation processes is analyzed in depth to fill the gap. In addition, a case of microbial fuel cell based on sustainable bioenergetics with promising prospects for soil TCs removal is presented. Due to the interaction between carbonaceous materials and soil, the characteristics of adsorption method under soil environment are deeply analyzed. A critical analysis of contrast and reflection is presented at the end of each section.