Humidity-Resistant Pt/CrVN2 Fuel Cell Sensor for H2S Biomarker Detection

Real-time, remote monitoring of human biomarkers is essential for personalized medical diagnostics. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a key endogenous gas, serves as a crucial biomarker for conditions such as oral diseases. However, accurately detecting ppb-level H2S in high-humidity environments remains a challenge. Herein, we develop a Pt-loaded CrVN2 fuel cell-type H2S sensor that exhibits high humidity resistance, ultralow detection limits (50 ppb), rapid response (4 s), and exceptional selectivity. The stable electronic structure of CrVN2 ensures a consistent response across a wide relative humidity range (9%–79%). Furthermore, a wireless detection system incorporating the Pt/CrVN2 sensor was designed and validated for breath diagnosis, demonstrating its practical application in smart healthcare. This study highlights the potential of Pt/CrVN2 sensor as a promising platform for real-time, sensitive biomarker detection, contributing to the advancement of next-generation medical diagnostics.